Heat a pan over low heat. Add the black mustard seeds, fenugreek seeds, cumin seeds, black pepper, coriander seeds, bay leaf, and cinnamon.
Dry roast them until they shrink slightly and turn golden brown.
Transfer to a plate and set aside.
In the same pan, drizzle vegetable oil and add red chili peppers.
Roast over low heat until the chilies turn a shade darker.
Transfer to a plate and allow it to cool to room temperature.
Add the roasted spices, chilies, and ground turmeric to a spice grinder or blender jar.
Grind all the ingredients, using a heavy-duty blender or a spice grinder.
Store in an airtight container for future use.
Notes
The heat level can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the amount of red chilies to suit personal preference.
Store Madras curry powder in an airtight container in a cool, dry place for up to four weeks or refrigerate for up to six months for longer shelf life.
This spice blend is versatile—use it in curries, soups, roasted vegetables, meats, dips, or as a seasoning for snacks like curry almonds and curry aioli.